Chaos in 1864 Behind the Organization of the 49th Missouri

In the summer of 1864 guerrilla warfare was causing chaos in North Missouri and Union  General William S. Rosecrans wrote to the Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton,

“I regret to say matters in north Missouri are very disturbed and threatening.  Union men are fleeing from the river counties and central part of the State.  The malcontented spirits, and uprising of bushwhackers, with threats from the conspirators, are ominous of evil… Informing you of these things, I suggest that we will be obligated to have some other troops here, and if nothing better can be done, the state of things would be best met from our own resources, by authority from me to accept the services of, say, 5,000 volunteers for the defense of the state, in companies, to be armed, equipped, and paid by the Government.”

From the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion Series I Vol XLI Part 2, page 234.

Col. Dyer, Abraham Lincoln and the town of “Diarrhea”

In early 1865 shortly before his death, President Abraham Lincoln received a visit from Missouri Senator John Brooks Henderson and Congressman Robert T. Van Horn.  Senator Henderson asked the President to promote the 49th’s commander, Col. David P. Dyer, to the rank of Brigadier General.  President Lincoln responded, as he often did, with a story:

“The name of Dyer reminds me of an incident that happened in the State of Illinois when the first railroads were being built.  One of these road ran through a tract of land owned by a man named Dyer.  It was decided to locate a depot on the land and to map out a town.  The first question that came up was to find a name for the town.  Various suggestions were made as name but none seemed to suit until it was finally with much unanimity, agreed to call the town “Diarrhea”.”

From David P. Dyer, Autobiography and Reminiscences .  The William Harvey Miner Company, St. Louis, Missouri.  1922.

The 49th Goes South for the Mobile Campaign

After a period of garrisoning towns across northern Missouri, in January and February the scattered companies of the 49th Missouri were brought together to be sent south to take part in the campaign to capture Mobile, Alabama.

From the St. Louis Dispatch, February 10, 1865:

DEPARTURE OF THE FORTY-NINTH MISSOURI
This splendid regiment, Lieut. Col. Dyer, commanding, arrived at St Louis from Northeast Missouri last Saturday and marched out to Benton Barracks.  This morning, preceded by their brass band and with colors flying, the Forty-ninth Missouri regiment of infantry marched down Fourth Street to Chesnut, and then to the levee, where they embarked on board the steamer Ed. Walsh, bound for New Orleans, where they will join the command of Gen. Canby, and its expedition into the interior of the cotton states.  The regiment is over eight hundred strong, the men large and healthy.  Our Missouri regiments have a glorious record, and we predict that the Forty-ninth will keep up the reputation of Missouri for fighting men.  Success to them say we.